{"id":11412,"date":"2017-08-06T15:41:48","date_gmt":"2017-08-06T15:41:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/?p=11412"},"modified":"2020-07-31T13:51:49","modified_gmt":"2020-07-31T13:51:49","slug":"edith-cavell","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/ie\/discover\/history\/general-history\/edith-cavell\/","title":{"rendered":"The life of Edith Cavell"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>We\u2019re travelling back through time to meet a one-of-a-kind British nurse who saved the lives of many soldiers during the <strong>First World War<\/strong>. She is remembered today for her bravery and compassion, as well as her tragic death, which caught the attention of thousands of people all around the world. Read all about the life of <strong>Edith Cavell<\/strong>\u2026<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Edith Cavell facts<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-4.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11417 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-4.jpg\" alt=\"edith cavell facts\" width=\"380\" height=\"453\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-4.jpg 380w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-4-252x300.jpg 252w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 380px) 100vw, 380px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Full name<\/strong>: Edith Louisa Cavell<br \/>\n<strong>Born<\/strong>: 4th December 1865<br \/>\n<strong>\u2028Hometown<\/strong>: Swardeston, Norfolk, England.<br \/>\n<strong>\u2028Occupation<\/strong>: Nurse<br \/>\n<strong>Died<\/strong>: 12 October 1915<br \/>\n<strong>Best known for<\/strong>: Her work as a nurse in the First World War \u2014 and for being sentenced to death for helping Allied soldiers escape German territory.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b>The early life of Edith Cavell<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Edith Cavell was born in the village of Swardeston in <strong>Norfolk<\/strong>, England. Her parents were Louisa Sophia and Reverend Frederick Cavell \u2014 the vicar of a local church. She had three younger siblings: two sisters, called Lillian and Florence, and a brother, called John.<\/p>\n<p>When she was a young girl, Edith and her sisters studied in the vicarage where they lived. She proved quite the artist in her early years and had a passion for <strong>painting beautiful flowers<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>At around 15 years old, she enrolled at Norwich High School for Girls, and later went to three different boarding schools.<\/p>\n<p>Edith studied hard, and had a particular talent for learning French \u2014 a talent that should would use in her working life\u2026<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">What work did Edith Cavell do?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-3.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11418\" src=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-3.jpg\" alt=\"edith cavell facts\" width=\"635\" height=\"404\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-3.jpg 635w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-3-300x191.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>In 1890, Edith moved to the city of <strong>Brussels<\/strong>, in Belgium, to work as a governess (a woman who taught children in a private household) for the Fran\u00e7ois family. She spent five years there, giving lessons to the family\u2019s four children \u2014\u00a0Marguerite, Georges, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne and Eveline.<\/p>\n<p>She proved to be very good at her job, too, taking a kind but strict approach to teaching. During her time in Belgium, she also continued to paint and perfect her French.<\/p>\n<p>Sadly, in 1895, Edith\u2019s father fell ill and Edith returned to Swardeston to be with him. But, all\u2019s well that end\u2019s well, as they say! Edith assisted in nursing him back to health, and was left feeling inspired. Edith Cavell now had a new passion \u2014 she wanted to become a nurse.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b>Edith Cavell\u2019s career as a nurse<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In 1896, Edith spent a few months at the <strong>Fountains Fever Hospital<\/strong> to see whether nursing was the right profession for her. And what do you know&#8230; it sure was! Later that year she was accepted at the <strong>Royal London Hospital<\/strong> to begin her professional training.<\/p>\n<p>It wasn\u2019t long before Edith put her nursing skills into action. In 1897, a deadly disease called <strong>Typhoid<\/strong> broke out in the town of Maidstone in Kent, England, and Edith \u2014 along with several other nurses \u2014\u00a0was sent to help those suffering.<\/p>\n<p>She did a great job, and even received a \u2018<strong>Maidstone Medal<\/strong>\u2019 \u2013 an award given to those who worked hard to beat the deadly epidemic. Yay for Edith!<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Edith Cavell returns to Belgium<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11416\" src=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-1.jpg\" alt=\"edith cavell facts\" width=\"635\" height=\"404\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-1.jpg 635w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-1-300x191.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Over the next few years, Edith worked in a number of hospitals in England. But come 1907, she was asked to return to Belgium to help look after a sick child, under the care of <strong>Dr. Antoine Depage<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>By this point, Edith was a well respected nurse and it wasn\u2019t long before Dr. Depage had another job for her \u2014 an important job with lots of responsibility.<\/p>\n<p>He opened <strong>Belgium\u2019s first nurse training school<\/strong> called <em>L\u2019\u00c9cole Belge d\u2019Infirmi\u00e8res Dipl\u00f4m\u00e9es<\/em> (The Berkendael Medical Institute) and put Edith Cavell in charge. She proved to be the perfect person for the job and made the school a great success.<\/p>\n<p>In fact, Edith did such a good job that after just one year, she was training and providing nurses to three hospitals, 24 schools and 13 nurseries. Impressive stuff, eh?<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Edith Cavell and World War I<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In 1914, during one of her trips back to Norfolk to visit her family, news reached Edith about the outbreak of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/uk\/discover\/history\/general-history\/first-world-war\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>First World War<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u2014 a huge war fought between the\u00a0Allies on one side (the British Empire, <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/uk\/discover\/geography\/countries\/facts-about-france\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">France<\/a><\/strong>, Belgium, <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/uk\/discover\/geography\/countries\/russia-facts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Russia<\/a><\/strong> and later, the <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/discover\/geography\/countries\/usa-facts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">USA<\/a><\/strong>), and the\u00a0Central Powers\u00a0on the other (<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/uk\/discover\/geography\/countries\/country-fact-file-germany\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Germany<\/a><\/strong>, Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria and Turkey).<\/p>\n<p>After hearing about all the men being sent off to fight in bloody battles, she decided she must help. And so once again, she set off back to Brussels in Belgium, where her hospital had been converted to a Red Cross hospital to care for war victims.<\/p>\n<p>There, she encouraged the nurses to treat any soldiers that came through their doors, <strong>regardless of which side they were fighting on<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/World-War-I-facts3.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10027\" src=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/World-War-I-facts3.jpg\" alt=\"World War 1 facts\" width=\"635\" height=\"404\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2014\/11\/World-War-I-facts3.jpg 635w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2014\/11\/World-War-I-facts3-300x191.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>In August 1914, German forces advanced into Belgium and took control of the country. It was at this time that Edith made a decision that would change her fate \u2013 she decided to <strong>help British, Belgian and French soldiers escape to Holland<\/strong>, a \u2018neutral country\u2019 where they would be safe.<\/p>\n<p>Working closely with a secret network of people, she <strong>sheltered Allied soldiers<\/strong> in her hospital until they were well, and then smuggled them out through an underground passage. She also helped to provide them with a bit of money, fake identity cards and secret passwords for their escape.<\/p>\n<p>Over time, the German police became suspicious of Edith, and her colleagues urged her to flee to save herself. Edith refused, and insisted on staying and helping Allied soldiers leave Belgium.<\/p>\n<p>But in <strong>August 1915<\/strong>, disaster struck when a Belgian spy discovered the secret tunnel beneath the hospital and reported it to the authorities. On 3 August, Edith was arrested and kept in seclusion. When interrogated by German officials, she chose not to lie and instead confessed to everything\u2026<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Help Edith Cavell!<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Word of Edith\u2019s arrest spread far and fast, and there was an international outcry urging that she be released.<\/p>\n<p>Many people felt she should be treated with mercy, given that she had done so much work to help and look after both Allied and German soldiers.<\/p>\n<p>Sadly, their cries went unheard, and following a short trial, Edith was <strong>found guilty of treason and sentenced to death<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Politicians from different countries pleaded that her death sentence be reconsidered, but the decision was final. And, tragically, on <strong>12 October 1915<\/strong> Edith Cavell was executed by a German firing squad in Brussels.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">After Edith&#8217;s death&#8230;<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-5.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11419\" src=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-5.jpg\" alt=\"edith cavell facts\" width=\"635\" height=\"404\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-5.jpg 635w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-5-300x191.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Edith Cavell&#8217;s body was buried at the rifle range where she was executed. But her name lived on \u2014 very much so, in fact.<\/p>\n<p>Many newspapers, particularly in Britain and America, wrote about her death and how heroic Edith Cavell was. They also used her execution as \u2018<strong>propaganda<\/strong>\u2019 \u2014 to make people think of the German forces as brutal and cruel, and to encourage men to join the war and fight against them.<\/p>\n<p>But many people argue that this was far from what Edith would have wanted. To this day, people are amazed by the incredible dignity with which Edith met her death.<\/p>\n<p>She accepted her sentence, describing it as \u201cjust\u201d, and even showed complete forgiveness towards her executioners. During a visit from a reverend named <strong>Stirling Gahan<\/strong> the night before her execution, she said the famous words:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><em>\u201cPatriotism is not enough; I must have no hatred or bitterness to anyone.\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11420\" src=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-2.jpg\" alt=\"edith cavell facts\" width=\"635\" height=\"404\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-2.jpg 635w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-2-300x191.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>On 13 May 1919, after the war had ended, Edith\u2019s body was returned to England. A memorial service was held for her at Westminster Abbey in <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/discover\/history\/general-history\/ten-horrible-facts-about-london\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">London<\/a><\/strong>, and thousands of people lined the city\u2019s streets to pay their respects.<\/p>\n<p>She was later reburied at Norwich Cathedral, near her hometown of Swardeston.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">How is\u00a0Edith Cavell remembered?\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>An important figure in European history, Edith Cavell is recognised as a <strong>pioneer of modern nursing<\/strong> in Belgium. She is remembered for saving the lives of many soldiers during <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/uk\/discover\/history\/general-history\/first-world-war\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">World War I<\/a><\/strong>, regardless of which side they were fighting for.<\/p>\n<p>What\u2019s more, she put the safety of others before her own, and accepted her fate with incredible dignity.<\/p>\n<p>In 1920, a statue of Edith Cavell was unveiled near Trafalgar Square, with four words engraved \u2014 four words which describe the qualities for which this remarkable woman is best remembered: <strong>Humanity<\/strong>, <strong>Fortitude<\/strong>, <strong>Devotion<\/strong> and <strong>Sacrifice<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Did you know&#8230;?<br \/>\nEdith Cavell has a mountain named after her in Jasper National Park, Canada.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h3><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-6.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11421\" src=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-6.jpg\" alt=\"edith cavell facts\" width=\"635\" height=\"404\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-6.jpg 635w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/09\/edith-cavell-facts-6-300x191.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/a><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold;\">What did you think of our Edith Cavell facts? Leave a comment below and let us know!<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>We\u2019re travelling back through time to meet a one-of-a-kind British nurse who saved the lives of many soldiers during the First World War. She is remembered today for her bravery and compassion, as well as her tragic death, which caught the attention of thousands of people all around the world. Read all about the life &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/ie\/discover\/history\/general-history\/edith-cavell\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">The life of Edith Cavell<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":534,"featured_media":11414,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[164,1773,549,1737,459],"christmas-category":[],"class_list":["post-11412","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general-history","tag-british-history","tag-edith-cavell","tag-first-world-war","tag-historical-figures","tag-world-war-1","countries-australia","countries-ireland","countries-new-zealand","countries-south-africa","countries-united-kingdom"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Edith Cavell facts for kids | National Geographic Kids<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn all about Edith Cavell - the pioneering nurse and heroine of World War I. 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