{"id":366,"date":"2017-04-07T08:00:55","date_gmt":"2017-04-07T08:00:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/natgeokids.com?p=366"},"modified":"2025-08-28T15:00:58","modified_gmt":"2025-08-28T15:00:58","slug":"country-fact-file-mexico","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/ie\/discover\/geography\/countries\/country-fact-file-mexico\/","title":{"rendered":"Mexico facts: discover this fascinating country!"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Mexico facts<\/h2>\n<p><strong>OFFICIAL NAME<\/strong>: United Mexican States<br \/>\n<strong>FORM OF GOVERNMENT<\/strong>: Republic of federated states<br \/>\n<strong>CAPITAL<\/strong>: Mexico City<br \/>\n<strong>POPULATION<\/strong>: 120,286,655<br \/>\n<strong>OFFICIAL LANGUAGE<\/strong>: Spanish<br \/>\n<strong>MONEY<\/strong>: Peso<br \/>\n<strong>AREA<\/strong>: 1,964,375 square kilometers<br \/>\n<strong>MAJOR MOUNTAIN RANGES<\/strong>: Sierra Madre<br \/>\n<strong>MAJOR RIVERS<\/strong>: Rio Grande, Yaqui<br \/>\n<strong>FLAG<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-flag.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2595\" src=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-flag.jpg\" alt=\"Mexico facts\" width=\"475\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-flag.jpg 475w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-flag-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 475px) 100vw, 475px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><br \/>\n<\/span>Mexico&#8217;s geography<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Mexico<\/strong> is a land of extremes, with high mountains and deep canyons in the centre of the country, sweeping deserts in the north and dense <a href=\"https:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/ie\/discover\/geography\/physical-geography\/15-cool-things-about-rainforests\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rainforests<\/a> in the south and east. Mountains cover much of Mexico. Between the <strong>Sierra Madre Oriental<\/strong> mountain range in the east and the <strong>Sierra Madre Occidental<\/strong> in the west lie small mountain ranges on the <strong>Central Plateau<\/strong>. These regions are rich with valuable metals like silver and copper.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-6.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2591\" src=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-6.jpg\" alt=\"Mexico-facts\" width=\"635\" height=\"361\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-6.jpg 635w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-6-300x171.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The stretch of land called the <strong>Yucat\u00e1n Peninsula<\/strong> juts into the <strong>Gulf of Mexico<\/strong> from the country&#8217;s southeastern tip. It was once the home of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/ie\/discover\/history\/general-history\/10-facts-about-the-maya\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Maya civilisation<\/strong><\/a>, an ancient culture whose amazing buildings can still be seen today.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-9.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2594\" src=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-9.jpg\" alt=\"Mexico-facts\" width=\"635\" height=\"312\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-9.jpg 635w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-9-300x147.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><br \/>\n<\/span>Mexican people &amp;\u00a0culture<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mexico is the product of a rich Indigenous heritage, three centuries of Spanish rule, and a shared border with the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/ie\/discover\/geography\/countries\/usa-facts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">United States of America<\/a>. Today, most Mexicans are mestizos, which means they have a mix of Indigenous and Spanish blood.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Mexico-Facts-Traditional.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-55370\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Mexico-Facts-Traditional.jpg\" alt=\"Mexico Facts Traditional\" width=\"635\" height=\"372\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Mexico-Facts-Traditional.jpg 635w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Mexico-Facts-Traditional-300x176.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Throughout its history, Mexico has been home to great artists. The Maya and other Indigenous cultures made impressive murals, sculptures, and jewellery. Modern Mexican artists include great painters, photographers, sculptors and muralists (people who create artwork on walls).<\/p>\n<p>Mexicans take sports seriously. In ancient times, losers of a ritual ball game were once put to death. Yikes! In some dangerous sports, like bullfighting and rodeo (which was invented in Mexico), competitors still put their lives on the line.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><br \/>\n<\/span>Mexico&#8217;s nature<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Few nations on Earth support as many plant and animal species as Mexico does. Located partway between the Equator and the Arctic Circle, it is a refuge for animals fleeing extreme cold in the north and intense heat in the south.<\/p>\n<p>In northern Mexico, deserts are full of plant and animal species that have found ways to survive the harsh environment. On Mexico&#8217;s west coast, gray whales swim thousands of miles each year from Alaska to breed in the waters off <strong>Baja California<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-7.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2592\" src=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-7.jpg\" alt=\"Mexico-facts\" width=\"635\" height=\"304\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-7.jpg 635w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-7-300x144.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/ie\/uncategorized\/15-cool-things-about-rainforests\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rainforests<\/a><\/strong> and coastal wetlands of eastern Mexico are home to thousands of tropical plant species and elusive animals like<strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/ie\/uncategorized\/Jaguar-facts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">jaguars<\/a><\/strong> and quetzal birds.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><br \/>\n<\/span>Mexican government &amp; economy<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mexico is a country with great problems and great potential. It has lots of valuable, natural resources like oil, silver, copper and agricultural products, too. But political and economic problems have kept much of the population in poverty.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Mexico-Facts-mexico-City.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-55376\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Mexico-Facts-mexico-City.jpg\" alt=\"Mexico Facts - Mexico City\" width=\"635\" height=\"372\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Mexico-Facts-mexico-City.jpg 635w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Mexico-Facts-mexico-City-300x176.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The Mexico-United States border is the largest economic divide on Earth. For many Mexicans, the best chance for a better life lies in the much more prosperous United States. Hundreds of thousands of Mexicans come to the U.S., legally and illegally, each year in search of work.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><br \/>\n<\/span>Mexican history<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The <strong>Olmec people<\/strong>, Mexico&#8217;s first complex society, emerged in the southeastern part of the country around <strong>1200 B.C<\/strong>. They were later followed by the <strong>Maya<\/strong>, the <strong>Toltec<\/strong>, and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/ie\/discover\/history\/general-history\/facts-about-the-aztecs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Aztec<\/strong><\/a> peoples.<\/p>\n<p>Mexico&#8217;s ancient societies built great cities and huge pyramids, created remarkable works of art, and even studied the stars and planets to determine when to plant crops and hold ceremonies.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-8.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2593\" src=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-8.jpg\" alt=\"Mexico-facts\" width=\"635\" height=\"331\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-8.jpg 635w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mexico-facts-8-300x156.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In the early 1500s, the Spanish arrived in Mexico. The Aztec people got sick from smallpox and other diseases that the Spanish brought with them. The Spaniards also seized and destroyed the Aztec capital, called <strong>Tenochtitlan<\/strong>. The Spanish ruled the country until <strong>1821<\/strong>, when Mexico gained independence.<\/p>\n<h6>Photos an illustrations: Mexico City: Arturo Osorno, Dreamstime. Mexican dancers: Softdreams, Dreamstime. All other images: Getty Images UK.<br \/>\nWords from kids.nationalgeographic.com.<br \/>\nFigures accurate at time of publication, January 2015.<\/h6>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">What do you make of our Mexico facts? Let us know by leaving a comment, below!<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mexico facts OFFICIAL NAME: United Mexican States FORM OF GOVERNMENT: Republic of federated states CAPITAL: Mexico City POPULATION: 120,286,655 OFFICIAL LANGUAGE: Spanish MONEY: Peso AREA: 1,964,375 square kilometers MAJOR MOUNTAIN RANGES: Sierra Madre MAJOR RIVERS: Rio Grande, Yaqui FLAG: Mexico&#8217;s geography Mexico is a land of extremes, with high mountains and deep canyons in the &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/ie\/discover\/geography\/countries\/country-fact-file-mexico\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Mexico facts: discover this fascinating country!<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2596,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[187,175,240],"christmas-category":[],"class_list":["post-366","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-countries","tag-country-profile","tag-geography","tag-mexico","countries-australia","countries-ireland","countries-new-zealand","countries-south-africa","countries-united-kingdom"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mexico facts: discover this fascinating country | National Geographic Kids<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover fascinating Mexico facts with Nat Geo Kids! 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