{"id":31043,"date":"2019-09-12T21:13:01","date_gmt":"2019-09-12T21:13:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/uk\/?p=31043"},"modified":"2020-08-12T11:20:23","modified_gmt":"2020-08-12T11:20:23","slug":"saint-lucia-facts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/nz\/discover\/geography\/countries\/saint-lucia-facts\/","title":{"rendered":"St Lucia facts!"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n

Fascinating culture, wonderful wildlife, lush rainforest and breathtaking mountains – join us as we head to the incredible Caribbean with our St Lucia facts!<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

St Lucia facts<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

OFFICIAL NAME<\/strong>: Saint Lucia
FORM OF GOVERNMENT<\/strong>: Democratic constitutional monarchy, with Queen Elizabeth II<\/a> as its Head of State.
CAPITAL<\/strong>: Castries
POPULATION<\/strong>: 178,844
OFFICIAL LANGUAGE<\/strong>: English, though many residents speak in Saint Lucian French Creole.
MONEY<\/strong>: Eastern Caribbean dollar
AREA<\/strong>: \u200e616 square kilometres
MAJOR MOUNTAIN RANGES<\/strong>: Gros Piton and Petit Piton; they are linked by the Piton Mitan ridge.
HIGHEST PEAK<\/strong>: Mount Gimie (950m)
VOLCANO<\/strong>: La Soufri\u00e8re (also known as La Grande Soufri\u00e8re or Qualibou).<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

FLAG<\/strong>:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

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St Lucia’s geography<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
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St Lucia<\/strong> is one of more than 7,000 individual islands <\/strong>found in a region of the Americas <\/strong>called the Caribbean. <\/strong>It’s also one of the region’s 13 sovereign nations<\/strong> – an independent territory with its own government.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Rising from the waters of the Eastern Caribbean, <\/b>St Lucia forms part of a chain of volcanic islands<\/strong> known as the Lesser Antilles<\/strong>. But don’t worry – the land’s blas-tastic explosions are a thing of the past! St Lucia’s volcano, La Soufri\u00e8re<\/strong>, last erupted in 1766<\/strong> and is now considered dormant.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

Today in fact, people visit St Lucia for its volcanic geography and geothermal activity<\/strong>. Check this out \u2013 <\/strong>heat from the Earth’s core creates natural hot pools<\/strong> and bubbling mud springs<\/strong> where people can enjoy a natural, super-relaxing bath!<\/p>\r\n

The island of St Lucia is also known for the Pitons<\/strong> \u2013 a famous pair of pointy mountains! The Pitons stand tall on the west coast, where they are lapped by the calm waters of the Caribbean Sea<\/strong>. Across the island on the east coast, the land meets the Atlantic Ocean<\/strong>, which is much more choppy!\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

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St Lucia may only be a small island – 43 kilometres long<\/strong> and a maximum of 23 kilometres wide<\/strong> – but its landscape is incredibly varied. There are breathtaking mountains, lush rainforests, volcanic sand beaches and colourful coral reefs! This makes St Lucia a popular place for tourists to visit from all around the world \u2013 especially people who love to dive and snorkel<\/strong>!<\/p>\r\n

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St Lucia\u2019s\u00a0wildlife & nature<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n

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St Lucia is well-known for its vast variety of birdlife! The national bird of St Lucia<\/strong> is the Saint Lucian\u00a0Parrot<\/strong> (the Amazona versicolor<\/strong>), which is one of five native parrot species and 157 bird species<\/strong> that live on the island. As many as 45 of these species can be found in the rainforest, including\u00a0three species of\u00a0hummingbirds<\/strong> \u2013\u00a0the Antillean Crested\u00a0Hummingbird<\/strong>, the Purple-throated Carib <\/strong>and the Green-throated Carib<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n

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St Lucia is also home to lots of incredible marine life, such as dolphins, whales and sea turtles! <\/strong>In fact, three species of sea turtles <\/strong>swim off the coast of this beautiful island \u2013 leatherback<\/a>turtles<\/a>, hawksbill turtles <\/strong>and green sea <\/a>turtles<\/a>. <\/strong>Cool, eh?<\/p>\r\n

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Some surprising and quirky wildlife species live on the island, too \u2013 including the agouti <\/strong>(a member of the rodent family), as well as mongooses, opossum, bats and wild pigs<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n

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And let’s not forget the country’s rad reptiles! Four snake<\/strong> species can be found on the island \u2013 the worm snake<\/strong>, the St Lucia lance head <\/strong>(the fer de lance, a viper), the St Lucia racer <\/strong>and the St Lucia boa constrictor. <\/strong>There are also 12 species of lizard<\/strong>, including the fascinating St Lucia whiptail lizard. <\/strong>Discovered in 1958, it’s regarded as one of the rarest lizards in the world!<\/p>\r\n

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St Lucia\u2019s history<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
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St Lucia hasn’t always been St Lucia! Way back in 200AD\u00a0<\/strong>the island was called\u00a0Iyonola<\/strong>,\u00a0by the\u00a0Arawak Indians<\/strong> who lived there. Hundreds of years later, in 800AD<\/strong>, another group of Amerindians<\/strong> called the Caribs<\/strong> took control of the land and named it Hewanorra<\/strong>. The island’s current name only came into existence with the arrival of the Europeans<\/strong> in the early 16th Century<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n

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DID YOU KNOW?<\/em><\/p>\r\n

St Lucia’s previous names, Iyonola<\/strong> and Hewanorra<\/strong>, mean “island of the iguanas”.<\/em><\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n

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Historians believe Europeans first came to the island around 1500<\/strong> \u2013 when European countries were searching for new lands to claim as their own<\/strong>. However, faced with hostility from the Caribs and ill health, their first attempts to colonise<\/strong> the island (send settlers to live there), failed.<\/p>\r\n

In 1650<\/strong>, the French <\/strong>managed to successfully establish a lasting settlement, and in 1660<\/strong>\u00a0they signed a peace treaty with the local Caribs, agreeing to live in harmony. But just a few years on, from 1663 to 1667<\/strong>, England<\/strong> took control of the island.<\/p>\r\n

For years to come, the French and English fought over St Lucia \u2013 each ruled the island seven times. In fact, St Lucia switched so often between English and French rule, it became known as the “Helen of the West Indies<\/strong>\u201d \u2013 after the Greek mythological<\/a> character, Helen of Troy<\/strong>. But in 1814<\/strong>, the British took definitive control of St Lucia, making it a long-standing colony of the British Empire<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n

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You can read more about the British Empire and its long-lasting affects on people and cultures around the world, in our British Empire facts<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

The Europeans grew valuable crops, like sugar<\/strong> and cotton<\/strong>, in St Lucia, and other lands in the Americas. To provide workers for the plantations, they forcibly shipped millions of African people<\/strong> across the Atlantic Ocean<\/strong> to work as enslaved people \u2013 in inhumane and often violent conditions. This became known as the Transatlantic Slave Trade<\/strong>. By the time slavery was abolished<\/strong> (ended) in St Lucia in 1834<\/strong>, there were more than 13,000 black slaves, around 2,500 free black people and around 2,300 white people living on the island.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

Over the course of the 20th Century<\/strong>, British colonies around the world claimed their independence \u2013 meaning they were no longer under British rule. St Lucia was one of the last colonies to do so, becoming an independent nation in 1979<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

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St Lucian <\/strong>people & culture<\/h2>\r\n

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\"\"The entire population of\u00a0St<\/strong> Lucia<\/strong> is approximately 178,000<\/strong> people. Whilst it may be a small country, centuries of settlers from all around the world have made it rich in culture<\/strong>. Today it is home to a range of religions<\/strong>, music<\/strong>, languages<\/strong> and delicious foods<\/strong>!<\/p>\r\n

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The large majority of the people are descended from black Africans<\/strong>, brought to St Lucia as enslaved people during centuries of European rule<\/strong>. There are also many mixed-race people<\/strong> with African, European and Carib heritage, as well as smaller groups of white people<\/strong> (of European decent). East Indians<\/strong> form a small minority on the island \u2013 these are mostly decedents of people from India<\/a><\/strong>, brought to work on the island when St Lucia was part of the British Empire<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

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Although English<\/strong> is the official language of\u00a0St Lucia, a larger percentage of\u00a0people speak a French dialect<\/strong> known as Creole<\/strong> \u2013 a legacy left by early French settlers on the island.<\/p>\r\n

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Every October, the island celebrates Creole Heritage\u00a0Month<\/strong>, a mix of colourful street parties, art exhibitions, music, theatre, talks, and delicious food! The celebration marks the end of the St Lucia Summer Festival<\/strong> and is a time for St Lucian’s to celebrate their heritage.<\/p>\r\n

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St Lucia\u2019s government & economy<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
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St Lucia is a\u00a0democratic country<\/strong>, run by a prime minister and government, elected (voted for) by the people of the country.<\/p>\r\n

In 1979<\/strong>, St Lucia became a member of The Commonwealth<\/strong> \u2013 an organisation headed by Queen Elizabeth II<\/strong><\/a> which countries can choose to join, or leave. Countries of The Commonwealth work and trade together, and share a common set of values, including fair political elections<\/strong>\u00a0and the respect of human rights.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

St Lucia’s economy depends primarily on tourism<\/strong> and agriculture<\/strong> \u2013 particularly bananas<\/strong> and other exotic fruits, such as mangoes<\/strong>. Clothing and electronic goods are also exported too, but on a smaller scale.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

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British Airways offers flights from London Gatwick to St Lucia from \u00a3545 return. To book visit:\u00a0www.ba.com<\/a>. Find out more about Saint Lucia at www.stlucia.org<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00a0<\/h6>\r\n
Images \u24d2\u00a0Anse Chastanet.
Anse Chastanet resort is within a short distance of Sulphur Springs drive-in volcano and mud baths<\/em> and offers unique scuba diving opportunities, with Kids’ Sea Camp and Family Dive Adventures operating from its exclusive beaches. visit ansechastanet.com\/<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0familydivers.com<\/a>\u00a0for more information.<\/h6>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Figures accurate at time of publication, AUGUST 2020.<\/h6>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

What do you think of our St Lucia facts? Let us know by leaving a comment!<\/h3>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

St Lucia facts for kids: Learn about the island of Saint Lucia, with fun facts about its rainforest wildlife, population, geography and history.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":31928,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[2809,1752,187,175,2808],"christmas-category":[],"class_list":["post-31043","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-countries","tag-caribbean","tag-caribbean-history","tag-country-profile","tag-geography","tag-st-lucia","countries-australia","countries-ireland","countries-new-zealand","countries-south-africa","countries-united-kingdom"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSt Lucia facts: learn about this awesome island! | National Geographic Kids<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn fascinating St Lucia facts \u2013 its rainforest, wildlife, population, geography and history, plus it's amazing geothermal activity...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31043\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"St Lucia facts: learn about this awesome island! 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