{"id":731,"date":"2016-11-25T11:50:53","date_gmt":"2016-11-25T11:50:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/natgeokids.com?p=731"},"modified":"2020-06-02T10:38:18","modified_gmt":"2020-06-02T10:38:18","slug":"country-fact-file-peru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/nz\/discover\/geography\/countries\/country-fact-file-peru\/","title":{"rendered":"Country Fact File: Peru!"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul class=\"lightslider-gallery\"><li data-thumb=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-5-150x150.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-5.jpg\"><\/li><li data-thumb=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-4-150x150.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-4.jpg\"><\/li><li data-thumb=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-3-150x150.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-3.jpg\"><\/li><li data-thumb=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-2-150x150.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-2.jpg\"><\/li><li data-thumb=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-7-150x150.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-7.jpg\"><\/li><li data-thumb=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Peru-facts-9-150x150.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Peru-facts-9.jpg\"><\/li><\/ul>\n<p>Discover this incredible country in our <strong>Peru facts<\/strong>!<\/p>\n<h2>Peru facts<\/h2>\n<p><strong>OFFICIAL NAME<\/strong>: Republic of Peru<br \/>\n<strong>FORM OF GOVERNMENT<\/strong>: Constitutional republic<br \/>\n<strong>CAPITAL<\/strong>: Lima<br \/>\n<strong>POPULATION<\/strong>: 30,147,935<br \/>\n<strong>OFFICIAL LANGUAGES<\/strong>: Spanish, Quechua<br \/>\n<strong>MONEY<\/strong>: Nuevo Sol<br \/>\n<strong>AREA<\/strong>: 1,285,216 square kilometres<br \/>\n<strong>MAJOR MOUNTAIN RANGES<\/strong>: Andes<br \/>\n<strong>MAJOR RIVERS<\/strong>: Amazon, Ucayali, Madre de Dios<\/p>\n<h2>The flag of Peru<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-6.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-6647\" src=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-6.jpg\" alt=\"Peru facts\" width=\"380\" height=\"262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-6.jpg 380w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-6-300x207.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 380px) 100vw, 380px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2>The geography of Peru<\/h2>\n<p>Peru is the third largest country in <strong>South America<\/strong>, after Brazil and Argentina. It is made up of a variety of landscapes, including mountains, deserts, rainforests and beaches. Most people live along the coast of the <strong>Pacific Ocean<\/strong>, where the capital, <strong>Lima<\/strong>, is located. Peru shares borders with five countries &#8211; Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia and Chile.<\/p>\n<h2>Map of Peru<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Peru-Facts-Map.gif\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-47027\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Peru-Facts-Map.gif\" alt=\"Peru facts - map\" width=\"470\" height=\"300\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Along Peru&#8217;s west coast is a narrow strip of desert <strong>2,500km<\/strong> long. This region only makes up around 10 percent of the country, but it is home to more than half of the country\u2019s population. The coastal desert was first inhabited thousands of years ago by Ancient people called the <strong>Chim\u00fa<\/strong> and the <strong>Nasca<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Nearly half of Peru is covered by the world\u2019s largest rainforest &#8211; the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/nz\/discover\/geography\/physical-geography\/amazon-facts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Amazon<\/strong><\/a>. As well as thousands of fascinating plant and animal species, this huge jungle is home to hundreds of <strong>Amerindian tribes<\/strong>, some of which may never have seen the outside world!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-9.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-6650\" src=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-9.jpg\" alt=\"Peru facts\" width=\"635\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-9.jpg 635w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-9-300x142.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The&nbsp;<strong>Andes mountains<\/strong>&nbsp;&#8211; the world\u2019s second highest mountain range &#8211; run through Peru, from north to south. These beautiful snow capped peaks are popular with tourists who enjoy hiking and trekking. Peru\u2019s tallest mountain is&nbsp;<strong>Mount Huascar\u00e1n<\/strong>, measuring a massive&nbsp;<strong>6,768m tall<\/strong>. Wow!<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Peruvian people &amp; culture<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span>The people of Peru are a diverse mix of different cultures, including indigenous people, Spaniards and other Europeans, descendants of African slaves and Asians. Until recently, most people lived in the countryside, but now more than 70 percent live in cities. Most Peruvians follow the Catholic religion introduced by the Spanish in the 16th century.<\/p>\n<h2>Nature of Peru<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span>Because it has so many different ecosystems, Peru is home to a wider variety of plants and animals than most other countries on Earth. For many reasons, Peruvians have not had as much of an impact on their natural world as many other countries, and so much of these ecosystems have been undisturbed.<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nDid you know that in just one square kilometre of Peruvian rainforest, there are <strong>more than 6,000 kinds of plants<\/strong>? Amazing, huh? What\u2019s more, the Amazon rainforest &#8211; which spans across Peru, Brazil, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana &#8211; is home to hundreds of species that aren\u2019t found anywhere else on Earth!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-7.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-6648\" src=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-7.jpg\" alt=\"Peru facts\" width=\"635\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-7.jpg 635w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-7-300x159.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">On the Pacific Coast, many interesting plant and animal species have adapted to the dry desert climate. Off the coast, the waters are cool and have a low salt content due to what\u2019s known as the <strong>Peru Current<\/strong> (or Humboldt Current). These waters nourish huge numbers of small fish, which in turn provide food for bigger fish and seabirds.<\/p>\n<p>Peru&#8217;s mountains support special types of grasses and plants, providing food for mammals like <strong>llamas<\/strong>, <strong>alpacas<\/strong>&nbsp;and <strong>vicu\u00f1as<\/strong>. One plant that grows in the Andes, the <strong>puya raimondi<\/strong>, grows for a hundred years before blooming!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-6643\" src=\"http:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-2.jpg\" alt=\"Peru facts\" width=\"635\" height=\"335\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-2.jpg 635w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Peru-facts-2-300x158.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2>Peruvian government &amp; economy<\/h2>\n<p>Peru has a <strong>President<\/strong> and a national government who run the country. Presidents are elected by the people and serve for five-year terms. Unlike the UK, where people have the choice to take part in the general election, Peruvians are required to vote by law.<\/p>\n<p>Peru is one of the richest countries in the world in terms of natural resources. Gold, silver, copper, zinc, lead and iron are found across the country, and there are reserves of oil and natural gas, too. Even so, jobs there can be very hard to find, and Peru remains one of the world&#8217;s poorest countries.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Peruvian history<\/h2>\n<p>Peru&#8217;s earliest inhabitants date back to more than <strong>13,000 years ago<\/strong>. Beginning around 1000BC, several societies developed in different parts of Peru, including the <strong>Chav\u00edn<\/strong>, <strong>Moche<\/strong> and <strong>Nazca<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Peru-facts-9.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-47012\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Peru-facts-9.jpg\" alt=\"Peru facts - machu picchu \" width=\"635\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Peru-facts-9.jpg 635w, https:\/\/cdn.creatureandcoagency.com\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Peru-facts-9-300x159.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">One of the most important Peruvian cultures was the Inca, who lived in Peru around <strong>600 years ago<\/strong>. Their capital, <strong>Cusco<\/strong>, is still a major city today. The Incas also built <strong>Machu Picchu <\/strong>(above), a famous ancient city in the Andes. Today, Machu Picchu&#8217;s spectacular ruins are a popular site for tourists.&nbsp;The Incas thrived for centuries before being conquered by the Spanish in <strong>1532<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Did you know we have a FREE downloadable <a href=\"https:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/nz\/primary-resource\/machhu-picchu-primary-resource\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Machu Picchu primary resource<\/a>? Great&nbsp;for teachers, homeschoolers and parents alike!<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h6>Photos and illustrations: Getty Images UK<br \/>\nWords adapted from kids.nationalgeographic.com<br \/>\nFigures accurate at time of publication, July 2015<\/h6>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">What do you think of our Peru facts? Let us know by leaving a comment, below!<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Discover this incredible country in our Peru facts! Peru facts OFFICIAL NAME: Republic of Peru FORM OF GOVERNMENT: Constitutional republic CAPITAL: Lima POPULATION: 30,147,935 OFFICIAL LANGUAGES: Spanish, Quechua MONEY: Nuevo Sol AREA: 1,285,216 square kilometres MAJOR MOUNTAIN RANGES: Andes MAJOR RIVERS: Amazon, Ucayali, Madre de Dios The flag of Peru The geography of Peru Peru &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.natgeokids.com\/nz\/discover\/geography\/countries\/country-fact-file-peru\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Country Fact File: Peru!<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6651,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"christmas-category":[],"class_list":["post-731","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-countries","countries-australia","countries-ireland","countries-new-zealand","countries-south-africa","countries-united-kingdom"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Country Fact File: Peru! - National Geographic Kids<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Peru facts for kids. 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